In proceedings concerning the determination or modification of the
amount and conditions of permanent reimbursement of medicinal products, where
pharmacoeconomic evidence is submitted, comparative clinical efficacy and
safety must be demonstrated against all relevant comparators. According to
the methodology of the State Institute for Drug Control (SÚKL), relevant
comparators may include therapies that are commonly or routinely used and
reimbursed from public health insurance. These are not limited to medicinal
products.
The requirement for relevant comparators was modified in 2022 for
proceedings on the reimbursement of orphan medicinal products (Section 39da),
when the advisory body of the Ministry of Health introduced the following
requirement for this specific type of proceedings: “…that any future application for reimbursement of an orphan
medicinal product for which comparators reimbursed from public health insurance
exist (whether with reimbursement determined by the Institute in administrative
proceedings or under Section 16 of Act No. 48/1997 Coll.) must include a
cost-effectiveness analysis against such comparators.” As a result, in reimbursement proceedings for orphan medicinal
products conducted under Section 39da, therapies reimbursed not routinely but
under exceptional reimbursement pursuant to Section 16 are commonly
included among comparators—even in cases where their use is off-label
within the given indication.
This approach has also been identified in proceedings concerning
the determination of permanent reimbursement for a non-orphan medicinal
product, where SÚKL likewise accepted as a comparator a product reimbursed
under Section 16. However, in another case involving the use of a comparator
reimbursed under Section 16, SÚKL argued in its assessment report, for example,
as follows: “…treatment provided under Section 16 of the Public Health
Insurance Act is, by its nature, exceptional and cannot be considered the least costly standard option for the purposes of general reimbursement
setting…’”
It remains to be seen whether, in the future, the approach to the
use of Section 16 comparators will become harmonised across different
groups of medicinal products, and whether the position of Section 16–reimbursed
treatments will gain greater importance even in standard reimbursement
proceedings.
Section 16 of Act No. 48/1997 Coll., on Public Health Insurance The competent health insurance fund shall reimburse, pursuant to
Section 19(1)(a), in exceptional cases healthcare services otherwise not
covered by health insurance, provided that the provision of such healthcare
services constitutes the only option in view of the insured person’s health
condition.
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In the case of rare diseases, it is not uncommon in practice that reimbursement is granted under Section 16. However, a medicinal product reimbursed in this way may also play a significant role in...
The Ministry of Health (MoH)
assessed whether the medicinal product under review met the criteria for being
designated as a highly innovative medicinal product (VILP). In the proceedings
on the determination of the amount and conditions of price and reimbursement,
the Institute for Drug Control (SÚKL) had refused to grant initial temporary reimbursement, as it
concluded that the product did not meet the VILP criteria.
The main reasons cited were:
Insufficient therapeutic benefit
Issues related to the selection and positioning of
comparators
Failure to meet VILP criteria across all proposed indications
Insufficient evidence on survival outcomes
Methodological concerns in comparative analyses
According to the SÚKL,
unless the VILP criteria are met against all relevant comparators under
assessment, the product cannot be granted temporary reimbursement, even under
modified conditions.
The MoH upheld the SÚKL’s
decision and additionally highlighted the inappropriateness of relying on
abstracts, which are condensed summaries and do not provide sufficient detail
on the underlying data. On this basis, the administrative authority cannot
responsibly assess the presented evidence. Furthermore, the MoH recommends not submitting key scientific
data under confidentialityrestrictions if a detailed evaluation
is expected, as any public assessment of such protected data can only remain of
a general nature.
Are you interested in reading regular commentaries on decisions by
Pharmeca a.s.? Feel free to contact us.
At Pharmeca, we help you navigate the complex landscape of
pharmaceutical and medical device information. We also offer flexible services
that can be tailored to your needs at any time.
Our market position and experience allow us to support you whenever you
need expert guidance.
A continuously
updated overview of decisions issued by SÚKL and the Ministry of Health in the
field of pricing and reimbursement is available on the Pharmeca a.s. website.
Under the previous wording of
the Public Health Insurance Act, abbreviated proceedings for similar medicinal
products allowed the selection of even the most expensive product in the group
as the reference product, which led to inequalities within the reference group
and disadvantaged other medicinal products. As of 1 January 2026, it now
applies that the applicant may not request a reimbursement level higher than
that established for the first similar medicinal product or higher than that
derived from the base reimbursement of the reference group.
Pursuant to Section 39b(5),
the Institute determines the amount and conditions of reimbursement of the
assessed similar medicinal product based on the amount and conditions of
reimbursement of the medicinal product to which it is similar. Where more than
one such reference product exists, or where an application for reimbursement
has already been submitted by another marketing authorisation holder, the
applicant may not request a reimbursement level higher than that established
for the first similar medicinal product pursuant to Section 39b(6), or higher
than that derived from the base reimbursement of the reference group pursuant
to Section 39b(8).
In the first months of this
year, this rule was applied in two proceedings. In both cases, the applicant
selected a reference medicinal product whose reimbursement level did not
correspond to the base reimbursement of the reference group (RS) within the meaning
of Sections 39b(5) and (8) of the Act. In other words, the selected reference
product had a base reimbursement (and thus also a core reimbursement) higher
than the base reimbursement of the reference group. As a result, one proceeding was terminated following the
withdrawal of the application, while in the other case, after the modification
of the submission, reimbursement was successfully determined.
Are you interested in reading regular commentaries on decisions by
Pharmeca a.s.? Feel free to contact us.
At Pharmeca, we help you navigate the complex landscape of
pharmaceutical and medical device information. We also offer flexible services
that can be tailored to your needs at any time.
Our market position and experience allow us to support you whenever you
need expert guidance.
A continuously
updated overview of decisions issued by SÚKL and the Ministry of Health in the
field of pricing and reimbursement is available on the Pharmeca a.s. website.
Each European country approaches
the pricing and reimbursement of medicines in its own way. The common objective
is to ensure access to medicines that meet EU-wide standards of quality, safety
and efficacy. However, differences in the design of national systems have a
direct impact not only on price levels, but also on the availability of
medicines, market structure and manufacturers’ behaviour. Number of Initiated
Proceedings: The Reality of the Czech Market
According to the European
Medicines Agency Annual Report (European Medicines Agency, 2025), a total of
114 medicines were authorised through the centralised procedure in 2024,
including 46 medicines containing a new active substance (the authorisation of
one product was subsequently withdrawn).
Our analysis, conducted as of 1
March 2026, confirms that among medicines containing a new active substance
approved by the European Medicines Agency in 2024:
✅ Price and reimbursement
have been determined for only 5 of the 45 medicines,
⏳ Administrative proceedings
on price and reimbursement determination are ongoing for 20 medicines,
🛑 For 20 medicinal products, the marketing authorisation holder has not yet submitted an application for inclusion in the List of Reimbursed Medicines,
🚚 Distribution has
been initiated for 16 medicines, regardless of whether reimbursement has
been established.
These figures suggest that the
path of new innovative medicines to the Czech market is often slow and
administratively demanding, which may have a direct impact on both patients and
manufacturers. The Question: Reasons for
Delays
The 2025 study Medicines:
Regulation versus Patient Needs, conducted by the Initiative for Efficient
Healthcare (Hlávka et al., 2025), points out that the strict and long-standing
rules governing reimbursement determination are primarily focused on limiting
the budgetary impact. Typical measures include:
reimbursement limited to only part of the indicated
patient population,
prescription restrictions limited to specific
medical specialties or specialised healthcare facilities.
Such restrictions directly affect
the availability of medicines and may reduce the attractiveness of the Czech
market for manufacturers, which can lead to delayed market entry of innovative
therapies. Recommendations: Flexibility
and Modern Financing Instruments
The authors of the study
recommend:
introducing a more flexible willingness-to-pay
(WTP) threshold, better reflecting disease severity, the level of
innovation and patient needs,
using modern financing mechanisms, such as coverage
with evidence development (CED) or risk-sharing arrangements,
further developing multi-criteria decision analysis
(MCDA) for very high-cost medicines.
The study also highlights
additional factors affecting the market, including dependence on imports, the
underutilised potential of pharmacists, the need to work with real-world data,
and the importance of supporting competitiveness and self-sufficiency in the
pharmaceutical sector. The patient perspective is not
overlooked either:
“For medicines to be
effective, it is essential that patients understand their disease and therapy,
and that they know why and how to use medicines correctly and safely.”
Source:
European
Medicines Agency. (2025). Annual report 2024. Publications Office.
https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2809/6143038
Hlávka, J., Klimková, V., Brychtová, M., Selinger, E.,
Přecechtěl, Š., Milošič, A., Chadimová, K., Decker, B., Navrátil, M., Vaniš,
K., & Kučera, M. (2025, září). IEZ_Studie_Zdravotnictvi pro
budoucnost_4-Leciva.pdf. Studie 2025: Léčiva: regulace versus potřeby
pacientů.
https://www.efektivnizdravotnictvi.cz/post/studie-2025-leciva-regulace-versus-potreby-pacientu
Each European country approaches the pricing and reimbursement of medicines in its own way. The common objective, however, is to ensure that patients have access to medicines that meet EU-wide...
There is no
legal basis in the Public Health Insurance Act for excluding a medicinal
product from price
referencing on the grounds that its price is a tender price, nor does any other
legal provision allow such a procedure.
In
administrative proceedings concerning the determination of price and
reimbursement initiated from 1 January 2026, it is possible, beyond the
previously existing options, to exclude the manufacturer price in an EU Member
State where that state has introduced a market-wide measure affecting the
manufacturer price of the medicinal product. In such cases, however, SÚKL must
receive official information from the relevant foreign authorityor from the
Ministry of Health.
In the
determination of the maximum manufacturer price, a foreign price is also
excluded in cases where the lowest price deviates by more than 20% from the
average of the second and third lowest prices, or where more than three prices
are identified and the price associated with an exchange rate deviating by more
than 10% from the average exchange rate over the previous six calendar quarters
is excluded.
When determining the base reimbursement, a
foreign price may also be excluded if it is at least 20% lower than the average
of the second and third lowest prices. However, this rule does not apply to highly innovative and orphan medicinal products.
Are you interested in reading regular commentaries on decisions by
Pharmeca a.s.? Feel free to contact us.
At Pharmeca, we help you navigate the complex landscape of
pharmaceutical and medical device information. We also offer flexible services
that can be tailored to your needs at any time.
Our market position and experience allow us to support you whenever you
need expert guidance.
A continuously
updated overview of decisions issued by SÚKL and the Ministry of Health in the
field of pricing and reimbursement is available on the Pharmeca a.s. website.
The State Institute for Drug Control decided on the determination of the maximum price and reimbursement for a medicinal product containing the active substance tamoxifen citrate.
The proceedings were initiated upon the company’s application pursuant to Section 32d of the Public Health Insurance Act. The purpose of this specific procedure is to ensure the availability of irreplaceable medicinal products in situations where a supply disruption in the Czech Republic is imminent or has already occurred.
The primary reason for the decision was to ensure continued treatment availability for oncology patients, as supply of the previously registered medicinal products containing the above active substance had been interrupted for manufacturing reasons. As no other registered alternative for oral administration was available within the relevant group, the Ministry of Health approved a specific treatment programme for an unregistered medicinal product. The Institute subsequently determined its maximum price and reimbursement level, adopting the reimbursement conditions of the originally reimbursed product that had become unavailable.
The decision on the determination of price and reimbursement was issued 24 days after submission of the application.
Are you interested in reading regular commentaries on decisions by
Pharmeca a.s.? Feel free to contact us.
At Pharmeca, we help you navigate the complex landscape of
pharmaceutical and medical device information. We also offer flexible services
that can be tailored to your needs at any time.
Our market position and experience allow us to support you whenever you
need expert guidance.
A continuously
updated overview of decisions issued by SÚKL and the Ministry of Health in the
field of pricing and reimbursement is available on the Pharmeca a.s. website.
The Institute
initiated an ex officio abbreviated reimbursement review on the grounds
of the entry of the first similar medicinal product into the
reimbursement system, without undue delay after verifying that the product
concerned had been placed on the Czech market.
However, one of
the affected marketing authorisation holders appealed against the initiation of
the proceedings, arguing that the entering product was not the first similar
medicinal product and referring to earlier proceedings in which the newly
entering product had not been assessed as similar.
The Ministry of
Health (MoH) rejected this objection, stating that although in the referenced
proceedings the assessed product and the reference (originator) product
contained the same active substance, they differed in dosage, standardisation
units and pharmaceutical forms. At the same time, the products were assessed
against additional criteria—such as therapeutic indications or pharmacological
properties—and, on that basis as well, were not considered similar.
In the present
case, however, the MoH considers the medicinal product concerned to be a generic
within the meaning of the Act on Medicinal Products. The products involved in
the proceedings contain the same active substance and a comparable
pharmaceutical form as the reference product, and the appellant repeatedly
failed to demonstrate otherwise.
In the case under
review, the conditions for initiating a review on the grounds of the entry of
the first similar medicinal product were therefore met.
The MoH further notes that although, under the legislation applicable at the time, SÚKL could have initiated the proceedings earlier, the appellate authority considers the approach whereby SÚKL waited for the first actual supply of the medicinal product concerned to be appropriate and well justified. This prevented a reduction in reimbursement for similar products based on a first similar medicinal product that was not yet commercially available.
Pursuant to the amendment to the Public Health Insurance Act, in abbreviated reviews initiated after 1 January 2026, there is now an obligation to verify market availability at a minimum level of 5%, or 2% for ZÚLP.
Are you interested in reading regular commentaries on decisions by
Pharmeca a.s.? Feel free to contact us.
At Pharmeca, we help you navigate the complex landscape of
pharmaceutical and medical device information. We also offer flexible services
that can be tailored to your needs at any time.
Our market position and experience allow us to support you whenever you
need expert guidance.
A continuously
updated overview of decisions issued by SÚKL and the Ministry of Health in the
field of pricing and reimbursement is available on the Pharmeca a.s. website.
The determination of prices and reimbursement of medicinal
products is based on external price referencing, within which foreign
prices denominated in foreign currencies are converted into Czech crowns.
Currently, foreign prices are converted using the quarterly
average exchange rate published by the Czech National Bank for the calendar
quarter preceding the calendar quarter in which the administrative proceedings
were initiated (the “relevant exchange rate”).
According to the amendment to the implementing decree, where
no more than three manufacturer prices of a given medicinal product are
available and the relevant exchange rate differs by more than 10 % from
the average exchange rates over the six quarters preceding the relevant
exchange rate, the conversion for the affected medicinal product is carried
out using the average exchange rate over those six quarters.
Where more than three manufacturer pricesof a given
medicinal product are availableand the relevant exchange rate differs by more
than 10 %from the average exchange rates over the six quarters preceding
the relevant exchange rate, such a price is excluded from the calculation.
To make it easier to assess whether these conditions are
met, we have updated a visual support tool on our website.
With a single
click, you can now find not only the relevant average exchange rate for the
preceding quarter but also its deviation compared to the previous six quarters.
The amendment to the Public Health Insurance Act and its implementing decrees has introduced changes, effective from the beginning of the year, also in the way exchange rates are applied for price...
